铬（VI）对海湾扇贝早期发育的影响

IOCAS-IR > 海洋环流与波动重点实验室

	铬（VI）对海湾扇贝早期发育的影响
	匡世焕
学位类型	博士
	1992
学位授予单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
学位授予地点	中国科学院海洋研究所
学位专业	海洋生物
关键词	海湾扇贝胚胎幼虫毒性
摘要	本文在23 ℃和31.6S条件下系统地研究了六价铬离子对海弯扇贝Argopecten irradians胚胎和不同发育阶段的幼虫的影响。海弯扇贝胚胎，早期D形幼早（刚孵化出的平均壳长为91μm的D形幼虫）和壳顶幼早对Cr~(8+)的敏感性各不相同。Cr~(6+)对胚胎孵化45hr的半数影响浓度EC_(50)为2614.57μg/L；对早期D形幼虫和壳顶幼虫48hr的半致死浓度LC_(50)分别为4343.26和2323.27μg/L。因此，其敏感性大小依次为：壳顶幼早＞胚胎＞ D形幼虫。眼点的幼虫在变态的过程中对Cr~(6+)的反应尤为敏感，低浓度（＜200μg/L）的Cr~(6+)对其变态则有很强的抑制作用，在831.19μg/L的Cr~(6+)作用下眼点幼虫的变态率仅为对照组的50％。Cr~(6+)对海湾贝D形幼虫的生长发育具有明显的抑制作用，随着Cr~(6+)浓度的升高，幼虫的生长速度逐渐减慢，死亡率逐渐升高，同一浓度的Cr~(6+)作用越长，毒性越大。Cr~(6+)对D形幼虫生长96hr和192hr的EC_(50)分别为1395.40和710.56μg/L。被Cr~(6+)污染的铒料（等鞭金藻Isochrysis galbana）亦可对海湾扇贝幼虫产生毒性影响，说明Cr~(6+)的性可通过铒料传递。AAS法分析表明Cr~(6+)在D形幼虫体内的累积随着外界Cr~(6+)浓度的升高而逐渐增多。根据海湾扇贝最敏感期－－壳顶幼虫期对Cr~(6+)的起始反应浓度，建议在海湾扇贝人工育苗过程中水质控制Cr~(6+)浓度应低于14μg/L。
其他摘要	Effects of hexavalent chromium on embryos and larvae of different development stages of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians were studied at 23 ℃ and 31.6S. Sensitivities of embryos, early D-shaped larvae and umbo larvae to Cr~(6+) were different. Cr~(6+) of 2614.57μg/L inhibited 50% of the embryos developing to D-shaped larvae (EC_(50)), and the Cr~(6+) concentration which caused 50% mortality (LC_(50)), and the Cr~(6+) concentration which caused 50% mortality (LC_(50)) of early D-shaped larvae and umbo larvae in 45hr were 4343.26 and 2323.27μg/L, respectively. Therefore, the scale of relative sensitivity was umbo larvae > embryos > early D-shaped larva. During metamorphosis, the eye-spotted larvae were even more sensitive to Cr~(6+): low concentration of Ce~(6+) (<200μg/L) stimulated larval metamorphosis abnormally; while Cr~(6+) with concentration higher than this level strongly suppressed larval metamorphosis. Culturing in 831μgCr~(6+)/L sea water, only 50% of the larvae metamorphosed into spat successively. Cr~(6+) inhibited the growth and development of the bay scallop larvae obviously, a remarkable decrease in growth rate and increase in larvae obviously, a remarkable decrease in growth rate and increase in larvae mortality were observed with increasing Cr~(6+) concentration, and the toxicity of Cr~(6+) increased with prolonged time. The 96hr and 192hr EC_(50) values of Cr~(6+) on larval growth were 1395.40 and 710.56μg/L, respectively. Larval food (Isochrysis galbana) contaminated by Cr~(6+) was also deleterious to the bay scallop larvae, so the toxicity of Cr~(6+) can be transferred to larvae through diets. AAS analysis indicated that the body Cr~(6+) contents increased with the medium Cr~(6+) concentration. According to the concentration caused 5% larval mortality of the most sensitive stage--umdo larvae stage, it is suggested that Cr~(6+) concentration in sea water should be lower than 14.33μg/L during the bay scallop artificial seed rearing.
页数	28
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/639
专题	海洋环流与波动重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	匡世焕. 铬（VI）对海湾扇贝早期发育的影响[D]. 中国科学院海洋研究所. 中国科学院海洋研究所,1992.

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