Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China

doi:10.1007/s11356-012-1098-3

	Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China
	Hu, Ning-Jing 1; Huang, Peng 2; Liu, Ji-Hua 1; Shi, Xue-Fa 1; Ma, De-Yi 1; Liu, Ying3 ; Hu, NJ
	2013-02-01
发表期刊	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
ISSN	0944-1344
卷号	20 期号:2 页码:1031-1040
文章类型	Article
摘要	A total of 112 surface sediment samples covering virtually the entire Bohai Sea were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in order to provide the extensive information of recent occurrence levels, distribution, possible sources, and potential biological risk of these compounds in this area. Surface sediment samples were collected from the Bohai Sea using a stainless steel grab sampler. Sixteen PAHs were determined by a Finnigan TRACE DSQ gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Diagnostic ratios, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) with multivariate linear regression (MLR) were performed to identify and quantitatively apportion the major sources of sedimentary PAHs in the Bohai Sea. Concentrations of total PAHs in the Bohai Sea ranged widely from 97.2 to 300.7 ng/g (mean, 175.7 +/- 37.3 ng/g). High concentrations of PAHs were found in the vicinity of Luan River Estuary-Qinhuangdao Harbor, Cao River Estuary-Bohai Sea Center, and north of the Yellow River Estuary. The three-ring PAHs were most abundant, accounting for about 37 +/- 5 % of total PAHs. The four-ring and five-ring PAHs were the next dominant ones comprising approximately 29 +/- 7and 23 +/- 3 % of total PAHs, respectively. Concentrations of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene are higher than Canadian interim marine sediment quality guideline values at most of the sites in the study area. Contamination levels of PAHs in the Bohai Sea were low in comparison with other coastal sediments in China and developed countries. The distribution pattern of PAHs and source identification implied that PAH contamination in the Bohai Sea mainly originates from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Further PCA/MLR analysis suggested that the contributions of spilled oil products (petrogenic), coal combustion, and traffic-related pollution were 39, 38, and 23 %, respectively. Pyrogenic sources (coal combustion and traffic-related pollution) contributed 61 % of anthropogenic PAHs to sediments, which indicates that energy consumption could be a dominant factor in PAH pollution in this area. Acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene are the three main species of PAHs with more ecotoxicological concern in the Bohai Sea.; A total of 112 surface sediment samples covering virtually the entire Bohai Sea were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in order to provide the extensive information of recent occurrence levels, distribution, possible sources, and potential biological risk of these compounds in this area. Surface sediment samples were collected from the Bohai Sea using a stainless steel grab sampler. Sixteen PAHs were determined by a Finnigan TRACE DSQ gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Diagnostic ratios, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) with multivariate linear regression (MLR) were performed to identify and quantitatively apportion the major sources of sedimentary PAHs in the Bohai Sea. Concentrations of total PAHs in the Bohai Sea ranged widely from 97.2 to 300.7 ng/g (mean, 175.7 +/- 37.3 ng/g). High concentrations of PAHs were found in the vicinity of Luan River Estuary-Qinhuangdao Harbor, Cao River Estuary-Bohai Sea Center, and north of the Yellow River Estuary. The three-ring PAHs were most abundant, accounting for about 37 +/- 5 % of total PAHs. The four-ring and five-ring PAHs were the next dominant ones comprising approximately 29 +/- 7and 23 +/- 3 % of total PAHs, respectively. Concentrations of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene are higher than Canadian interim marine sediment quality guideline values at most of the sites in the study area. Contamination levels of PAHs in the Bohai Sea were low in comparison with other coastal sediments in China and developed countries. The distribution pattern of PAHs and source identification implied that PAH contamination in the Bohai Sea mainly originates from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Further PCA/MLR analysis suggested that the contributions of spilled oil products (petrogenic), coal combustion, and traffic-related pollution were 39, 38, and 23 %, respectively. Pyrogenic sources (coal combustion and traffic-related pollution) contributed 61 % of anthropogenic PAHs to sediments, which indicates that energy consumption could be a dominant factor in PAH pollution in this area. Acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, and dibenz[a,h]anthracene are the three main species of PAHs with more ecotoxicological concern in the Bohai Sea.
关键词	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Source Apportionment Diagnostic Ratios Principal Components Analysis Multivariate Linear Regression Cluster Analysis
学科领域	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
DOI	10.1007/s11356-012-1098-3
URL	查看原文
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences
WOS记录号	WOS:000314065100040
WOS关键词	PAH SOURCE ; BAY ; RIVER ; DISTRIBUTIONS ; CONTAMINANTS ; ESTUARY ; COASTAL ; TIANJIN ; EMISSIONS ; SHANGHAI
WOS标题词	Science & Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine
引用统计	被引频次：37[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/16494
专题	海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室海洋生物技术研发中心
通讯作者	Hu, NJ
作者单位	1.State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 1, Qingdao 266061, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China 3.Univ Sci & Technol China, Suzhou Inst Adv Study, Suzhou 215000, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hu, Ning-Jing,Huang, Peng,Liu, Ji-Hua,et al. Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH,2013,20(2):1031-1040.
APA	Hu, Ning-Jing.,Huang, Peng.,Liu, Ji-Hua.,Shi, Xue-Fa.,Ma, De-Yi.,...&Hu, NJ.(2013).Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China.ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH,20(2),1031-1040.
MLA	Hu, Ning-Jing,et al."Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of the Bohai Sea, China".ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH 20.2(2013):1031-1040.

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