淤泥质潮滩地貌的遥感研究－以苏北辐射沙洲海岸为例

IOCAS-IR > 海洋环流与波动重点实验室

	淤泥质潮滩地貌的遥感研究－以苏北辐射沙洲海岸为例
其他题名	Monitoring Mudflat Landforms Using Remotely Sensed Imagery: A Case Study from the Radial Sandbank Coast, Northern Jiangsu, China
	王珍岩
学位类型	博士
导师	高抒 ; 黄海军
	2008-06-08
学位授予单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
学位授予地点	海洋研究所
学位专业	海洋地质学
关键词	遥感潮滩地貌水边线辐射沙洲江苏海岸
摘要	本文以具有典型特征的苏北淤泥质潮滩海岸作为研究区，利用1975-2003年间14景覆盖该地区的Landsat和SPOT卫星影像作为主要数据源，结合地面调查和验证工作，在遥感影像处理和地理信息系统分析技术的支持下，对区内潮滩、岸线、水边线和盐沼植被等进行遥感解译，分析苏北辐射沙脊群和沿岸地貌的空间分布特征和动态演变趋势。研究结果表明：苏北辐射沙脊群海域的潮汐水位过程的不同步现象普遍存在，限制了常规遥感数据在苏北潮滩地貌研究中的适用范围和解译精度；在人工判别的辅助下，多光谱遥感的非监督分类方法可以有效解译淤泥质潮滩的水边线；利用修改型土壤调整植被指数（MSAVI）可以较好地提取潮滩上的盐沼植被信息；苏北沿岸潮滩的快速淤长促进了盐沼植被带向海侧快速扩展，近年来持续的潮滩围垦工程则不断从陆侧侵占盐沼植被带，使盐沼植被带宽度减小乃至消失；在大规模人类活动和自然条件的共同影响下，苏北辐射沙脊群海岸的岸线发育趋于平直化，无序的潮滩围垦项目使得可垦滩地资源被过度消耗；1975～2002年间，研究区北部和南部沿岸的高潮滩整体上处于淤长状态，中部沿岸潮滩和离岸沙洲高潮滩则被大面积侵蚀；1999年以来，研究区内低潮滩部位开始形成有序排列的滩面地物，并表现出逐年大面积蔓延的趋势，可能是滩涂紫菜养殖区扩展的结果。
其他摘要	This paper applies remote sensing techniques to mudflat landforms in the coastal area adjacent to the Radial Sandbanks in northern Jiangsu Province. Supported by remote sensing image processing system (Erdas), Geographical Information System (ArcGis) and ground truth investigation, 14 Landsat and SPOT satellite images that cover this area (between 1975 and 2003), are analyzed to extract information on mudflat landforms including tidal flats, linear sandbanks, salt marshes, shoreline and water line, and to examine their spatial distribution and dynamic evolution patterns. The results show that the phenomenon of tidal water level difference is significant over the study area, which restricts the application of remote sensing to mud flat environment studies on the Radial Sandbank coast. With the aid of artificial cognition, unsupervised classification method can be used to derive effectively the water line on mudflat. The Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI) is a reliable indicator for salt marsh vegetation information in tidal flat environments. Although the growth of mudflat causes the salt marsh to expand towards the sea rapidly, large scale reclamation schemes continuously occupy the developing space of salt marsh vegetation from land side, which results in the degradation of the salt marshes. In response to the combined effect of human activities and natural processes, the shoreline of this area has a tendency to become straight, and the rate of land reclamation is higher than the rate of tidal flat land resource increase due to accretion in recent years. From 1975 to 2002, the upper part of the tidal flat in northern and southern flanks of the radial sandbanks adjacent to the shoreline has a trend of accretion, but on the central coast and offshore sandbank areas the upper tidal flats are eroding. Since 1999, some unique ground features have been formed on lower tidal flats in this area, with an increasing scale. These may result from the recent development of mariculture on the tidal flat over the region.
页数	126
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/779
专题	海洋环流与波动重点实验室
作者单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王珍岩. 淤泥质潮滩地貌的遥感研究－以苏北辐射沙洲海岸为例[D]. 海洋研究所. 中国科学院海洋研究所,2008.