Institutional Repository of Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Studies, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
胶州湾海水中胞外酶活性的动态变化及其调控因素的初步研究 | |
宋福行 | |
学位类型 | 博士 |
2001 | |
学位授予单位 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 |
学位授予地点 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 |
学位专业 | 环境海洋学 |
关键词 | 胞外酶活性 碱性磷酸酶 肽酶 氨基葡萄糖苷酶 铜离子 锌离子 温度 |
摘要 | 胞外酶(Extracellular Enzyme)改变着水中溶解有机碳(DOC)的组分和去处。在海洋环境中,由初级生产产生的DOC以及其它来源的DOC大多以大分子形式存在,微生物无法直接利用,只有经过胞外酶水解之后才能被微生物吸收而形成颗粒有机碳(POC)。水中酶的活性是生态系统中生命活动和物质循环的生化指标,一个具有较大的DOC库和较高的胞外酶活性的生态系统很可能是一个富有生命力的生态系统。胞外酶的研究,对于全面理解生态系统物质循环、能流分配,以及评估水域环境质量、生态效率等具有重要意义。本研究用荧光标记底物方法调查了我国胶州湾(5个站位)几种胞外酶,包括碱性磷酶酶,肽酶,氨基葡萄糖酶的空间分布、季节变化。并以两星期一次,在7号站开展了以上三种酶及碱性磷酸酶饱和活性的调查工作;在7号站和航校码头进行了锌离子、铜离子及在温度对胞外酶活性影响的研究。主要结果如下:1胶州湾海区肽酶活性最大,碱性磷酶酶活性次之,氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性最小。2 7号站表层碱性磷酸酶的现场活性与饱和活性的季节变化、肽酶活性的季节变化、氨基葡萄糖苷酶的季节变化基本与温度的变化趋势一致。3 锌离子对碱性磷酶酶活性具有双重作用。少量的锌离子对酶活性有激活作用,大量的锌离子使酶活性降低。铜离子对碱性磷酶酶、肽酶、氨基葡萄糖苷酶只具有毒性作用,能使酶活性降低。它对酶活性的影响比锌离子的影响大一个数量级。4 升高温度能增加酶的活性(增加160~445%),但经高的温度也能使酶活性降低,这可能是高温时酶蛋白的变性产生的。在实验控温范围内(8-40℃),碱性磷酶酶和葡萄糖苷酶活性没有表现出变性现象,肽酶活性在温度超过35 ℃活性开始下降。 |
其他摘要 | Spatial distribution and seasonal variation of activities of extracellular enzymes of alkaline phosphatase, peptidase, aminoglucosidase in the Jiaozhou Bay were investigated through the fluorogenic-model-substrate approach during 2000~2001. Particularly, intensive time series (sampling at every other week) investigation of activities of the above three enzymes and the saturated activity of alkaline phosphatase were conducted at one of the 6 stations, St.7, for a period of one year from May 2000 through June 2001. In addition, the effect of Zn~(2+), Cu~(2+) and temperature on the activity of these enzymes were also tested using surface water from St.7 and anothersite near the Navigation School harbor on the east coast of the bay. Following are the main results. 1 Among the three enzymes, peptidase ranked the No.1 in terms of activity, followed by alkaline phosphatase, and aminoglucosidase came the last. 2 Annual variation patterns of activities of alkaline phosphatase, peptidase and aminoglucosidase as well as the saturated activity of alkaline phosphatase were quite similar to that of ambient water temperature. 3 In situ experiments indicated that Zn~(2+) has dual nature on alkaline phosphatase activity, either as a promoter or an inhibitor depending on its ambient concentration. Cu~(2+) was shown to be simply an inhibitor of extracellular enzymatic activity within the range applied in the present study. Its negative effects can be an order of magnitude greater than that of Zn~(2+). 4 By increasing ambient temperature, extracellular enzymatic activities were enhanced to certain extent (up to 160~445%), but temperature above 35 ℃ restrained the activities of peptidase probably due to protein denaturalization. |
页数 | 78 |
语种 | 中文 |
文献类型 | 学位论文 |
条目标识符 | http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/475 |
专题 | 海洋环流与波动重点实验室 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 宋福行. 胶州湾海水中胞外酶活性的动态变化及其调控因素的初步研究[D]. 中国科学院海洋研究所. 中国科学院海洋研究所,2001. |
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