Studies on mass summer mortality of cultured zhikong scallops (Chlamys farreri Jones et Preston) in China

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.05.002

	Studies on mass summer mortality of cultured zhikong scallops (Chlamys farreri Jones et Preston) in China
	Xiao, H; Ford, SE; Yang, HS; Zhang, GF; Zhang, FS; Guo, XM
	2005-12-30
发表期刊	AQUACULTURE
ISSN	0044-8486
卷号	250 期号:3-4 页码:602-615
文章类型	Article
摘要	Mass mortalities of cultured zhikong scallops (Chlamys farreri) have occurred each summer in most culture areas of northern China since 1996. Among the hypothesized causes are high culture density, infectious disease and genetic inbreeding. To investigate these potential agents, C. farreri were deployed at three densities (low, medium and high) at three sites (Jiaonan, Penglai and Yantai) in the summer of 2000. Scallops were sampled for survival, growth and histopathology before, during and after a mortality episode. Most of the mortality occurred in July and August, during and toward the later part of the spawning season, when water temperature reached 23-26 degrees C. Final cumulative mortalities reached 85% to 90% at all three sites. Scallops in the medium and high densities had higher initial death rates than did those at the low density. High densities also inhibited growth. Ciliates from the genus Trichodina, larvae of various organisms and anomalous secretions were observed in sections of the gill cavity, with highest prevalence during and at the end of the mortality period. Prokaryotic inclusion bodies were found in the soft tissues, but their prevalence was low and apparently without correlation with mortalities. Genetic analysis with random amplified polymorphic DNA markers showed slightly lower heterozygosity in the cultured stocks (0.301) than in the wild stocks (0.331). It is possible that the mortalities are caused by a combination of several factors such as stress associated with reproduction, high temperature, overcrowding and poor circulation in the growout cages, opportunistic invaders or pathogens, and possibly inbreeding. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.; Mass mortalities of cultured zhikong scallops (Chlamys farreri) have occurred each summer in most culture areas of northern China since 1996. Among the hypothesized causes are high culture density, infectious disease and genetic inbreeding. To investigate these potential agents, C. farreri were deployed at three densities (low, medium and high) at three sites (Jiaonan, Penglai and Yantai) in the summer of 2000. Scallops were sampled for survival, growth and histopathology before, during and after a mortality episode. Most of the mortality occurred in July and August, during and toward the later part of the spawning season, when water temperature reached 23-26 degrees C. Final cumulative mortalities reached 85% to 90% at all three sites. Scallops in the medium and high densities had higher initial death rates than did those at the low density. High densities also inhibited growth. Ciliates from the genus Trichodina, larvae of various organisms and anomalous secretions were observed in sections of the gill cavity, with highest prevalence during and at the end of the mortality period. Prokaryotic inclusion bodies were found in the soft tissues, but their prevalence was low and apparently without correlation with mortalities. Genetic analysis with random amplified polymorphic DNA markers showed slightly lower heterozygosity in the cultured stocks (0.301) than in the wild stocks (0.331). It is possible that the mortalities are caused by a combination of several factors such as stress associated with reproduction, high temperature, overcrowding and poor circulation in the growout cages, opportunistic invaders or pathogens, and possibly inbreeding. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
关键词	Summer Mortality Parasite Inbreeding Stress Reproduction Chlamys Farreri Scallops
学科领域	Fisheries ; Marine & Freshwater Biology
DOI	10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.05.002
URL	查看原文
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000234168500009
引用统计	被引频次：141[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/2700
专题	海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室
作者单位	Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Xiao, H,Ford, SE,Yang, HS,et al. Studies on mass summer mortality of cultured zhikong scallops (Chlamys farreri Jones et Preston) in China[J]. AQUACULTURE,2005,250(3-4):602-615.
APA	Xiao, H,Ford, SE,Yang, HS,Zhang, GF,Zhang, FS,&Guo, XM.(2005).Studies on mass summer mortality of cultured zhikong scallops (Chlamys farreri Jones et Preston) in China.AQUACULTURE,250(3-4),602-615.
MLA	Xiao, H,et al."Studies on mass summer mortality of cultured zhikong scallops (Chlamys farreri Jones et Preston) in China".AQUACULTURE 250.3-4(2005):602-615.

条目包含的文件
文件名称/大小	文献类型	版本类型	开放类型	使用许可
xiao-Studies on mass（418KB）			限制开放	--	浏览