冲绳海槽南部浊流沉积层中的硫化物特征研究 | |
杨娅敏 | |
学位类型 | 博士 |
导师 | 曾志刚 |
2021-05-14 | |
学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
学位授予地点 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 |
学位名称 | 理学博士 |
学位专业 | 海洋地质 |
关键词 | 热液活动 沉积记录 硫化物 浊流层 冲绳海槽西南 |
摘要 | 冲绳海槽是一个仍在活动的弧后扩张盆地,区域内尤其是海槽南部热液活动发育、地震活动频繁,是研究现代海底热液沉积过程及浊流沉积等较为理想的场所。本论文对取自冲绳海槽南部唐印热液区(Tangyin)和第四与那国热液区(Yonaguni Knoll IV)之间的 HOBAB4-S2 沉积物柱状样进行了年代学分析、粒度分析、矿物学分析(硫化物矿物和粘土矿物)、沉积物地球化学以及单矿物的元素和硫同位素测试, 首次在柱状沉积物样品中识别出浊流沉积事件和热液活动记录,研究了浊流沉积层中的热液硫化物的化学特征, 有助于了解浊流在热液硫化物运移沉积过程中的作用,丰富弧后盆地热液沉积物的沉积和搬运模式。 |
其他摘要 | Okinawa Trough is a still active back-arc expansion basin with developed hydrothermal activity and frequent seismic activity, especially in the southern Okinawa Trough (SOT). It is an ideal place to investigate the modern submarine hydrothermal deposition process and the turbidites. In this paper, we present the chronology, grainsize, mineralogy, major and trace elements, and sulfur isotope characteristics of sulfides in the gravity core HOBAB4-S2 which was collected between the Yonaguni Knoll IV and the newly discovered Tangyin hydrothermal field. For the first time, hydrothermal activity records and turbidites events were identified in core HOBAB4-S2. The characteristics of hydrothermal sulfides from the turbidites can help understand the transport process and enrich the deposition and transport patterns of hydrothermal deposits in the back-arc basin. Based on the characteristics of typical positive graded bedding and various sedimentary structures (such as various eroded basements and fine parallel bedding), three turbidity phases (thin layer clay-medium silt turbidity flow phase, medium silt sand-coarse silt flow phase and thick layer coarse silt-fine sand turbidity flow phase) and 15 turbidites (T1-T15) were identified in core HOBAB4-S2. The age-corrected depth (after the turbidites layer is removed) model was established by using OxCal 4.2 software and the occurrence time of the turbidites event was estimated and concentrated in 1445–1815 AD. While the time of turbidites during the last century using 210Pb is
2002 ± 1 AD, 1994 ± 2 AD, and 1987 ± 3 AD, which has a good correlation with the time of seismic activity records during this period. The enrichment of chalcophile elements Zn, Cu, Pb and the presence of pyrite, pyrrhotite and galena mineral and typical mineral assemblages, such as intergrowths of pyrite and pyrrhotite with sphalerite provide evidence for the input of hydrothermal materials at the bottom of the turbidite 166–167 cm, 312–315 cm, and 444–445 cm. These suggest that three hydrothermal activity has been recorded in the core HOBAB4-S2. Combined with the age-depth model, the deposit time of hydrothermal components was a date to 1777–1815 AD, 1600–1639 AD, and 1445–1483 AD, respectively. It can be inferred that hydrothermal activity has begun in the SOT before 1445–1483AD, and then at least twice occurred.
Except for minor framboidal pyrite, the pyrite from the core HOBAB4-S2 is mainly magmatic-hydrothermal origin with high contents of Co, Au, and Se, low contents of As, and Co/Ni ratios >1 and the lower δ34S values (δ34S=0.22 to 3.45‰) in these three layers. The calculated crystallization temperatures of pyrite are 176–343°C, with an average value of 252°C. The percentage of iron atoms in the pyrrhotite found in the sediment is (47.77–49.01 at.%), which is similar to the iron atom value in the hexagonal pyrrhotite (47.0–47.8 at.%), indicating that the HOBAB4-S2 core The pyrite is mainly hexagonal, and the pyrite is generally precipitated in a fluid environment with low sulfur fugacity (fS2). Therefore, combined with the high Se content in pyrite and the appearance of hexagonal pyrite, which indicates that the hydrothermal sulfide mineralization conditions in the sediment are medium-high temperature and low sulfur fugacity environment. Also, the δ34S value of the sulfide in HOBAB4-S2 (0.21–3.45‰) is lower than that of island arc rocks (Andesite and rhyolite) (5–7‰), indicating there is another additional low sulfur isotope source, except for the volcanic rocks. According to the difference between the elemental content of sulfide particles in the sediment layer and the normal deposition layer, an attempt was made to propose a new indicator Co/Zn-Zn/Mn for indicating the content of hydrothermal components in the sediment. The study also found that there is a strong correspondence between the coarse grain size and the sediment-hosted sulfide, we speculate that the hydrothermal sulfide component in the HOBAB4-S2 may be transported from the hydrothermal zone to a suitable depression by turbidity. Turbidity may be the main transport mode of hydrothermal components in core HOBAB4-S2 sediments. Considering the entire Okinawa Trough, a large number of hydrothermal vents. If such handling and accumulation are universal, will it have a certain impact on the deposition process in the Okinawa Trough and may also affect the deep biological environment. But this still needs further study. |
学科领域 | 海洋地质学 |
学科门类 | 理学::海洋科学 |
资助项目 | National Key Basic Research Program of China[2013CB429700] ; National Key Basic Research Program of China[2013CB429700] |
语种 | 中文 |
目录 | 第 1 章 引言..............................................................................................................1 |
文献类型 | 学位论文 |
条目标识符 | http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/170730 |
专题 | 海洋地质与环境重点实验室 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杨娅敏. 冲绳海槽南部浊流沉积层中的硫化物特征研究[D]. 中国科学院海洋研究所. 中国科学院大学,2021. |
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