中国沿海典型区域织纹螺毒性及毒素成分研究

IOCAS-IR > 海洋环流与波动重点实验室

	中国沿海典型区域织纹螺毒性及毒素成分研究
其他题名	Toxicity dynamics and toxin composition of Nassarius spp.
	罗璇
学位类型	博士
	2008-06-05
学位授予单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
学位授予地点	海洋研究所
关键词	织纹螺毒性消长毒素组成河豚毒素麻痹性贝类毒素 Lc-ms Hplc
摘要	织纹螺（Nassarius spp.）味道鲜美，是中国及其它一些亚洲国家沿海地区居民习惯食用的一种水产品。但是，近几十年来，中国沿海频繁发生食用织纹螺中毒事件，严重威胁着人们的身体健康和生命安全。加之人们对织纹螺体内的毒素成分、来源及其毒性变化规律还没有清晰的认识，因此难以有效预防和控制食用织纹螺引起的中毒事件。本文根据文献报道，在中国沿海食用织纹螺中毒事件多发的典型区域，包括江苏省的连云港市和盐城市、浙江省的舟山市和宁波市、福建省的宁德市、厦门市和莆田市设立了监测点，于2006年和2007年间进行了连续采样，应用小鼠生物测试法调查了织纹螺毒性的消长情况，并利用高效液相色谱-质谱联用（Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry，LC-MS）和高效液相色谱技术（High Performance Liquid Chromatography，HPLC）对织纹螺体内的毒素成分进行了分析。实验结果表明，2006年于江苏省盐城市射阳海域采集的织纹螺样品中，阳性样品检出率为56%，毒性在2-5 MU/g组织（湿重）之间变化，在2007年于同地采集的8个样品中，除一个样品毒性为3.14 MU/g组织（湿重）以外，其余样品均表现为阴性；而2007年采集自连云港市赣榆海域的织纹螺样品，在采样期间则呈现出极高的毒性，最高达到846.52 MU/g 组织（湿重），毒性在监测期间呈“M”状波动，在5月和7月下旬出现两个毒性高峰。2006年于浙江省宁波市象山港采集的织纹螺样品中，阳性样品检出率为25%，毒性均在2.5 MU/g组织（湿重）左右；而同年采集自舟山市定海的织纹螺样品中，阳性样品检出率为100%，最高毒性达18.40 MU/g组织（湿重），毒性在监测期间也呈“M”状波动，高峰期出现在6月初和7月底。2006年3-9月采集自福建省宁德霞浦、厦门同安和莆田涵江采集的织纹螺样品中，阳性样品检出率分别为20%、43%和14%，除7月中旬采集自宁德霞浦的一个样品毒性达到16.19 MU/g组织（湿重）之外，其余样品毒性均在2-5 MU/g组织（湿重）间波动。从阳性样品的时间分布规律来看，3月份和6、7月份是阳性样品集中出现的时期。根据以上调查结果可以看出，织纹螺的毒性消长呈现出较明显的地域性和季节性特征，不同地区的织纹螺毒性存在差异，而同一区域织纹螺毒性的消长则表现出明显的季节性集中趋势。除了2007年采集自连云港赣榆的织纹螺样品毒性与其平均个体组织重量有相似的变化趋势以外，其余地区的织纹螺样品毒性和个体大小无明显相关性。利用LC-MS和HPLC技术对织纹螺样品中的毒素成分进行了分析，确定河豚毒素（tetrodotoxin, TTX）及其同系物（trideoxyTTX，4-epi-TTX，anhydroTTX，oxoTTX）是所采集织纹螺中的主要致毒成分，样品中没有检测到麻痹性贝毒毒素（Paralytic Shellfish Poison, PSP）。自不同地区采集的织纹螺中毒素成分基本一致，但组成存在一定差异。其中，采自江苏省连云港赣榆和浙江省舟山定海的织纹螺样品中，trideoxyTTX是主要的成分，其次是TTX；而从其它采样地点采集的织纹螺中，TTX都是主要的毒素成分，其次才是trideoxyTTX及其它同系物。对采集自江苏省连云港赣榆和浙江舟山定海的织纹螺体内毒素的解剖学分布进行了分析，结果表明肌肉、消化腺和剩余部分中的毒素组成基本一致，其中trideoxyTTX是主要的毒素成分，其次为TTX，但采自浙江舟山的织纹螺剩余部分中的TTX是主要的毒素成分。在监测期间，各组织中的毒素组成没有明显变化，但毒素含量随季节变化表现出了一定的差异。综上所述，在中国沿海典型区域开展的织纹螺毒性调查结果表明其毒性消长具有一定的地域性和季节性特征。分析结果显示织纹螺体内的毒素成分是河豚毒素及其同系物，采自不同区域的织纹螺体内毒素成分基本一致，但毒素组成稍有差异。对织纹螺中毒素的解剖学分布研究显示，各组织中的毒素含量随季节变化而表现出一定差异，但毒素组成没有明显的季节性变化。这些结果显示中国沿海的织纹螺应具有相似的毒素来源，研究结果将为相关部门有效监测、预防和控制食用织纹螺中毒事件提供有力的科学依据。
其他摘要	Gastropod Nassarius spp. is a kind of favorite seafood to the people living along the coastal regions of China and other Asian countries. However, consumption of gastropod Nassarius spp. caused many poisoning incidents in China in the last several decades, which posed a potent threat on the health and safety of human-beings. Due to the limited information available on the dynamics of toxicity and toxin components in nassariids, it’s difficult to develop and implement effective measures to predict and prevent poisoning incidents. To find out the pattern of toxicity dynamics, samples of Nassarius spp. were collected continually from some typical regions, including Lianyungang and Yancheng of Jiangsu Province, Zhoushan and Ningbo of Zhejiang Province, and Ningde, Xiamen and Putian of Fujian Province, where poisoning incidents were frequently reported. The samples were screened with the mouse bioassay method, and analyzed for tetrodotoxins and paralytic shellfish toxins using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Based on the results of mouse bioassay, it was found that the proportion of toxic samples collected from Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, was 56% in 2006, and the toxicities varied among 2-5 MU/g tissue. In 2007, there is only 1 toxic sample which was 3.14 MU/g tissue out of the 8 samples collected from the same location. However, samples collected from Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, in 2007 showed much higher toxicity. The highest toxicity was 846.52 MU/g tissue. During the sampling season, the gastropod toxicity showed an “M” shape fluctuation in Lianyungang, with two peaks of toxicity appeared in late May and July, respectively. In Zhejiang Province, the proportion of toxic samples collected from Ningbo was 25% in 2006, and the toxicities were about 2.5 MU/g tissue. In Zhoushan, however, all samples collected were toxic, and the highest toxicity was 18.4 MU/g tissue. Toxicity of samples peaked in early June and late July during the sampling season. In Fujian province, The proportion of toxic samples collected from Ningde, Xiamen and Putian were 14%, 43%, 20%, respectively. For most of the toxic samples, the toxicities varied among 2-5 MU/g tissue, and the highest toxicity recorded was 16.19 MU/g in a sample collected from Ningde on July 12th. The toxic samples in Putian were mainly found in March, but in the other two sampling sites, toxic samples were found both in March and in a period from June to July. The results indicated that both seasonal factors and geographical factors can affect the dynamics of gastropod toxicity. Furthermore, for most of the regions, the dynamics of the toxicity of samples seemed no correlativity with the average weight of individual. For the samples with high toxicity, no PSP toxins were detected with HPLC. However, tetrodotoxin（TTX） and its analogues, including trideoxy TTX, 4-epi-TTX, anhydro TTX as well as oxoTTX, were detected in all the toxic samples with LC-MS. The profiles of TTX and its analogues in Nassarius spp. from different regions were different. TrideoxyTTX in samples collected from Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province and Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, was the predominant component, followed by TTX. While in the samples from other regions, TTX was the major toxin，followed by the other analogues of TTX. Studies on anatomical distribution of TTX and its analygues in samples collected from Lianyungang and Zhoushan indicated that the toxin profiles in the muscle, digestive gland and the rest part were roughly the same, with trideoxyTTX as the predominant component. However, in the rest part of samples collected from Zhoushan, TTX content was higher than trideoxyTTX and other analogues. There was no dramatic difference in toxin profile during the sampling season, while variation of toxin content in different tissues could be observed. For most of the time, toxin content in the muscle tissue was the highest, followed by the digestive gland and the rest part. In summary, our results indicated that both seasonal factors and geographical factors could affect the dynamics of snail toxicity. TTX and its analogues were found in all the toxic samples collected from several typical regions along the coast of China. The components of TTX and its analogues were basically the same in samples collected from different locations, with little differences in toxin profiles. Studies on anatomical distribution of TTX and its analogues indicated that the toxin profiles kept relatively constant during the sampling season, despite the varied toxin content. These results suggest that toxic nassariids along the coast of China should have a similar origin of TTX and its analogues. The results will offer a scientific basis for the effective monitoring, prevention and control of the poisoning incidents in China.
页数	98
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/1187
专题	海洋环流与波动重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	罗璇. 中国沿海典型区域织纹螺毒性及毒素成分研究[D]. 海洋研究所. 中国科学院海洋研究所,2008.

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