含硫、磷壳聚糖新衍生物的制备、结构与抑菌活性关系研究

IOCAS-IR > 海洋环流与波动重点实验室

	含硫、磷壳聚糖新衍生物的制备、结构与抑菌活性关系研究
其他题名	The preparation of new Derivatives of Chitosan (Contained Sulfur and Phosphor Elements) and Study on the Relationship Between their Structures and Antibacterial Activities
	钟志梅
学位类型	博士
	2008-06-01
学位授予单位	中国科学院海洋研究所
学位授予地点	海洋研究所
关键词	含硫、磷壳聚糖衍生物理化性质抑菌活性影响因素构效关系
摘要	由于化学农药和抗生素兽药残留问题严重影响着环境和人类健康，生物农药和兽药的开发迫在眉睫。壳聚糖无毒、无污染、可生物降解，已经成为这一方向研究热点。但是，目前对壳聚糖抑菌活性的研究大都集中于分子量和脱乙酰度对其活性的影响，而对壳聚糖衍生物的研究相对较少。本文制备了壳聚糖磺酰胺类、酰基异硫氰酸酯类和α-氨基烷基膦酸酯类共计40余种新型壳聚糖含硫、磷衍生物，研究了它们对6种真菌（棉花枯萎病菌、番茄早疫病菌、葡萄炭疽病菌、姜叶斑点病菌、黄瓜灰霉病菌、芦笋茎枯病）和4种细菌（大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、八叠球菌）的抑菌活性，结果发现，所有衍生物的抑菌活性均强于壳聚糖原料，其中4种新型衍生物对于真菌具有较强抑制活性，其抑制率大于或接近阳性对照武夷菌素；10余种衍生物对于细菌有较强的杀菌、抑菌活性，如4-HBSA(l)CMCS、4-HBSA(l)CSS等对四种细菌具有广谱性，效果接近甚至强于阳性对照诺氟沙星。对影响因素、构效关系和机理进行了深入探讨。衍生物的分子量、浓度、溶解性、α-位C原子空间位阻、吸电子空间诱导效应、烷基链的增长、等因素变化均会对抑菌活性产生重大影响。
其他摘要	Environmental and human health question were threatened by leftover of chemical agricultural bactericide and traditional antibacterial veterinary. The preparation of the biologic agricultural bactericide has been stared us in the face. Chitosan is a kind of natural polysaccharide, which is reproducible and it has non-toxicity, good biocompatibility and biodegradability, their researches have received considerable interests. However, the most concentration was put on the molecular weight and degree of deacetylation of chitosan on its antibacterial activity, little work has been reported on the antibacterial activity of chitosan derivatives. In this paper, about 40 kinds of derivatives of chitosan which contained sulfur and phosphor elements were prepared. The compounds include 3 classes such as sulfanimide, acyl thiourea and ɑ-arylamino phosphonate derivatives of chitosan. Based on the results of the antibacterial activity of the above three kinds of derivatives, we found 4 derivatives against 6 kinds of fungi (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vasinfectum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Saec, Pseudoperonospora cubeneis (Berk et cort) Rostuv, Aiternaria solani, Phyllistictasp zingiberi，Phomopsis asparagi) showed strong bactericidal activity. The inhibition activities are close to or more than that of wuyiencin. More than 10 derivatives such as 4-HBSA(l)CMCS、4-HBSA(l)CSS against four kinds of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Sarcina, Eschercichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) showed strong bactericidal activity. Their inhibition activities are broad-spectrum, moreover, the inhibition activities are close to or more than that of Norfloxacin. The rule and influence reason of antifungal and antibacterial activities of the derivatives was studied, and the mechanism of their antibacterial activities was further discussed in this paper. The factors of the derivatives such as molecular weight, concentration, water-solubility, steric effect of α-carbon atom, the enhancement of alkyl and so on were important on their antibacterial activities. The above results are theoretically fundamental to further develop and make use of chitin resources and prepare new agricultural bactericide and antibacterial veterinary.
页数	113
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.qdio.ac.cn/handle/337002/1083
专题	海洋环流与波动重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	钟志梅. 含硫、磷壳聚糖新衍生物的制备、结构与抑菌活性关系研究[D]. 海洋研究所. 中国科学院海洋研究所,2008.

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